fowler



No. 609,800. Patented Aug. 30, I898.

' A. ll. FOWLEB.

RADIATOR.

A limum mu In. so, 1000. (lo Iodol.) 2 Shanta-Shunt I.

Witnesses. I uventor.

Attorney.

UNITED STATES PATENT. :OFFICE.

FOWLER dz WOLF MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAMIIP-IPLACE.

RADIATOR. I? '1 v srncmonnox forming e of mm- Patent no. ooe,eoo, dated August so, 1898.

Application ma Inch so, use.

the cityv of N orristown, Montgomery county,

State of Pennsylvania, have invented anlrnprovement in Radiators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to radiators; and. it consists of the improvements which are set forth in the following specification and claims and which are shown in the accompanying. drawings.

More particularly my invention relates to radiators especially adapted to be supported by the wall or Wainscot; and it is one of my objects to make an efflcient and ornamental radiator composed of cast-iron sections of uniform size and shape that. can be a'.ssembled to form. a. radiator of any length and width occupying the least area for the radiating-surface obtained and requiring practically no floor-space, and thus avoiding the cutting and fitting of carpets about the radiator-base.

It is also an object of my invention to pro vide a radiator that may be used for semidirect radiation-11. e., to enable external air to be drawn into the room, heated, and circulated, and also to permit the regulation of the supply of external air, so that a greater or less quantity may be drawn in, ,or the su ply of external air may be shut 0t! and on y the air of the room heated. This portion of my invention is important, as it permits the air of the room to be kept fresh and pure and the temperature to be regulated. When a radiator acts directly over and over upon the air in the room, the temperature becomes excessive and the air is vitiated. The openin of windows and doors to admit fresh air an lower the temperature produces drafts of cold air and the temperature cannot be regulated properly. By my implrovements a greater or less quantity of fres air may be admitted and there is no possibility of drafts of cold air entering the room. These improvementsare especially adapted for large assemblyrooms, schools, and churches.

In carrying out my invention I form the ra- -tubes O C, which are connected b diator oi cast-iron sections, which may be used either singly or grouped together and Serial Io. 4.015. (No model.)

con led, as hereinafter set forth, according to t e area of the radiatin surface desired. These sections are prefers. ly formed in the particular manner described to aiiord a maximum radiating-surface for the area occupied and to enable the sections to be. so grou ed and coupled together that a direct circulat on of the steam or hot water through the successive sections may be obtained.

My invention is particularly-advantageous in that it permits a large radiating-surface to be employed without occupying an floorspace. With ordinary radiators, suc as are composed of a series of sections clustered together, an increase in the number of sections to increase the radiating-surface extends the radiator over the floor to a great extent. In

some cases wall-coils are used composed ofwrought iron heating pipes screwed into headers at'the ends; but such heating-coils, besides being very unsightly, are not compact and must be extended over a lar 0 area of wall-space to provide any large rad atingsurface. Such coils are also expensive as compared with a radiator made up of castiron sections.

I shallnow refer to the drawings,in which- Figure 1,is a side elevation of a portion of.

aroom having my improved radiator fastened to thewall and showing the same made up of a series of coupled sections and adapted for use for semidirect radiation. Fig. 2 is a horizo'nt-sl vertical sectional view of one of-theradiator-sections. Fig. 3 is atransverse vertical sectional view of the same on the line a: a: of Fig. 2.- Fi 4 is atransverse vertical sectional view, en arged, on the line 3 y of i is one of the radiator-sections, composed of a hollow cast-i-ron frame made up of abat tery of tubes.

The sections are preferably rectangular in shape and composed 0! two ion itudinal to and bottom tubes 13 13', units by two en a series of smaller longitudinal tubes D. prefer to employ intermediate cross-tubes E, connecting the tubes B B and having the longitudinal tubes D connecting with them. -In the construction shown there are two ofthese ate transverse tubes E. While I large intermediate cross-tubes E located be tween the end'tubes C C and dividing the small longitudinal tubes D into three sets or series. The small longitudinal tubes D are. located at sufficient distance apart to form intermediate openings or spaces e'for the circulation of air between them. Each section thus construct-ed is composed of a seriesof' to ofier considerable friction to the steam or water traversing them I prefer to shorten their length by the interposition of the intermedirefer this particular arrangement of the tu es for the reasons stated, it is to bennderstood, however, that I do not mean to limit myself to this precise construction.

oval construction, as shown, as that shape is found the most efiicient for radiation.

The sections A are provided at their four corners with openings a b c d, by which they may be united to other sections to make up a large radiator. Such openings in any section as are not required for this purpose may be closed by plugs F. The metal of the sections may be reinforced or strengthened at the corners where these openin as shown. Each section is a so preferably provided with an opening 1' in the longitudi nal face at one of the corners to permit it to be united with a corresponding located above or below it when the sections are arranged one above another, as in Fig. 1, and when such construction is not made this opening will be closed by a plug similar to .the plug F. By thus casting the openings in four corners of each section I provide supports for the cores that are used in casting the sections, and thus avoid the use of chaplets or anchors -My preferred method of uniting the sections together is by means ofnipples G, having right and left hand threads, adapted to corresponding threads cut in the openings in the sections. These nipples may be providedwith internal lugs g, adapted to engage a flat bar inserted through the opening in the secin which the. nipple is to be inserted. In this way the nipples may be turned to unite the sections. I For a similar purpose each section may be provided-with an opening it opposite the openin f to admit the bar for screwing the nipple nto the opening I. This opening 7: is closed by a plug F. Instead of the nip- Thefltubes are preferably of flattened or are formed,

,as a semidirect radiation.

radiatoran tion at the other end of the tube from that pies G other suitable couplings or unions may be employed.

While Ijhave shown in Fig. 1 a radiator made up of six united sections arranged, in two groups of three each and all located in the same plane, itis to be understood that a sections may be employed, each coupled up.

separately with the supply and return pipes, and by suitable valves one section may be shut 03, if desired, so that part or all of the radiating-surface may be employed. I

To obtain the most eflicient circulation with a'series of sections arranged in rows or groups, as shown in Fig. 1, whether the rows be arranged one above another, as. in that figure, or side by side, the only communications between the successive rows would be between the last section in each row and the first in the next row, as shown in Fig. 1, so that there will be a' free communication between each.

connected with the outlet or bleeder pipe I,

as shown in Fig. 1. The team-or water thus enters the radiator at the top and traversing the successive sections passes down and out at the bottom, driving the airbefore it.

The radiator or sections -may be suitably secured to the wall or-wain'scot, as by brackets .K, fastened to the wall and en ing the lower portion of the radiator-section.

I shall nowrefer to that part of my invention which relates to the use of the radiator For this purpose one section A or a series of sections may be employed,according to the size of the radiator.

- For the purpose of admitting fresh air from the external atmosphere I employ a flue. L, leading through the wall from the exterior to a point adjacent to the base of the radiator, through which the air is admitted behind thetween the wall and the back of the radiator-and ems at the top or through the upper portion of e radiator. A'damper M in the due L is used to control the volume of fresh air admitted or to entirely exclude it, as maybe desired. In Fig. 4 of the drawings I have shown the due L leading from an int below the window-sill and extending ggwnward through the wall, a box or air-chamber N at in the space 'hackof e base of the radiator. A passage-way N- leads uptoagreaterorlessextent :gening throu h V from the room to the chamber or box N, and the damper M is located between the passageways L and N, so that it may be operated to open or close either passage-way. \Vhen the passage-way L is closed, the air from the room may pass through the passage N and chamber N to the back of the radiator.

I prefer to arrange the flue as shown, as it prevents the air being blown excessively directly into the room in the event of high winds.

The radiator is set at sufficient distance from the wall or Wainscot to form an air-space, and to prevent the air from passing directly in the room through the base of the radiator the openings a between the horizontal tubes D in the lower portion of the radiator are closed by webs 1'. These webs insure the upward passage of the air over the radiatingsurface of the lower portion of the radiator before it emerges into the room. The webs i are not formed in the upper portion of the radiator in order that the air may pass into the room through the openings e, thus coming into direct contact with the radiatingtubes D.

Vhen a radiator is composed of two sections or series of sections located one above the other, as in the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the entire lower section or set of sections may be formed with the webs 'i and the entire upper set with the openings e;-

but if a single section or row of sections be used the webs may be formed for part of the height of the section, the upper portion being left with the openings 6, and such a. partiallywebbed section may be used as an intermediate section whenthe radiator is composed of three or more rows of sections on'eabove another.

To insure the passage of the air into the room through the openings e between the tubes D in the upper portion of the radiator, the top of the air-space between the radiator and wall may be closed by a strip or flange 0, secured to the wall and falling upon a longitudinal rib 0 along the inner side of the tube ll. The air-space may be similarly closed at the bottom to prevent the passage of the air directly into the room below the radiator by a strip or flange I, secured to the lower part of the wall and fitting against a longitudinal rib 11 along the base of the radiator.

The damper M may be operated in any convenient manner. I have shown a hinged damper connected -by a link or links m witl a hinged lever Q.

The inner face of the wall or Wainscot be hind the radiator is preferably lined with some non-conducting 1n .tterial, such asa shcctofasbcstos. \Vith this arrangement the radiator may be used for direct radiation by closing the damper M, in which case the radiator will not over and over upon the air contained in the room, or it maybe used for semidirect radiation by opening the damper to any extent desired, in which case the face of the radiator will act directly upon the air contained in the room, while the back will heat the volume of fresh air that may be admitted.

The opening of the fine M may of course extend throughout the entire width of the radiator or through a portion only, as may be desired.

The various details of construction that have been shown may be varied without departing from the invention.

That I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A radiator-section composed of a unitary hollow casting, consisting of four outer tubes communicating with one another at the corners, one or more intermediate cross-tubes between opposite outer tubes, and a series of connecting-tubes between each intermediate cross-tube and the opposite out-er tube or adjacent intermediate cross-tube.

2. A radiator-section composed of u. unitary hollow casting, consisting of a tubular structure embracing outer tubes communicating with one another at the corners, one or more cross-tubes between the outer tubes, and a series of conn ecting-tubes between said crosstubes and the adjacent outer tubes.

A radiator-scction composed of a flat hollow casting, made upof a multiplicity of comm unicating tubes, and provided at the corners with openings in the plane of the section arranged at right angles one to the other, whereby. said section maybe coupled with other sections to extend the radiator both longitudinally and transversely.

4. A radiator-section composed of a fiat hollow casting, made up of a multiplicity of communicating tubes, and provided at the corners with openings in the plane of the section arranged atright angles oncto the-other, whereby said section may be coupled with other sections to extend the radiator both longitudinally and transversely, in combination with similar sections coupled with said section at said openings and respectively located in a longitudinal and transverse direction with rcference'to said section.

5. A radiator consisting of one or more flat hollow sections consisting of a batteryof comm nnicating tubes, arranged in an upright position, in combination with a wall located ad jucent thereto so as to form an air-space between said wall and the inner face of the radiator, the spaces between the adjacent tubes in the lower portion of the radiator being closed a to prevent the passage of the air between them and the top of the fine being closed to deflect the air and guide it between the open spaces between the tubes in the upper portion of the radiator.

(5. A radiator consisting of on or more ilat hollow sections consisting of abattery of coinmunicating tubes, arranged in an upright position, in combination with a wall located ad.-

jacent thereto so as to form an air-spacc bc- 7 tween said wall and the inner face of the trol said inlet to'regulate the volume of air no radiator, the spaces between the adjacent admitted throu h it to gnu? in th: lower portgin of the radatflr beradiator and will; and space between the used 0 preven e passage 0 t e air In testimon of which 1 between them and .the top of the'flue being hereunto set m y hand. DWI-"ion I have closed to deflect the air and guide it between ARTHUR H. FOWLER the open spaces between the tubes in the up- I witnesses: I

per portion of the radiator, an air-inlet at the ERNEST HowLRD HUNTER,

lower portion of said fine, and means to 'con- WM'. L. Evans.

Disclaimer in Letters Patentllo. 609,800. {Correction in Letters Patent 609,800-

It is hereby certified that the residence of the assignee in Letters Patent No. 609,800, granted August 30, 1898, upon the application of Arthur H. Fowler, of N orristown, Pennsylvania, for an improvementin Radiators, was erroneously written and printed of same place, (i. 0., Norristown, Pennsylvania), whereas said residence should have beeh written. and printed Phiktde lphia, Pen1wylwniu and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Otfice.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 20th day of September, A. D., 1898.

[snaL'] WEBSTER DAVIS,

1 Assistant Secretary of the litter-01.

Oountersigned:

C. H. DUELL,

Commissioner of Patents.

- DISCLAIMER.

609,800.-.Art/mr H. Fowler, N orristown, Pa. RADIATOR. Patent dated August 30, i

1898. Disclaimer filed May 21, 1914, by the assiguee, Fowler (1% Wolfe Manufac- Enters this disclaimer- To that part of the claims in the said Letters Patent which is in the following words, to wit:

3. A radiatorrsection composed of a fiat hollow casting, made up of a multiplicity of communicating tubes, and provided at the corners w1th openings in the plane of the section arranged at right angles one to the other, whereby said section may be coupled with other sections to extend the radiator bothlongitudinally and transversely.

4. Aradiator-section composed of a flat hollow casting], made up of amultiplicity. of communicating tubes, and provided at the corners wit openin s in the plane of 'the section arranged at right angles one to the other, whereby said section may be coupled with other sections to extend the radiator both longitudinally and transversely, in combination with similar sections coupled with said section at said openings and respectively located in a longitudinal and transverse direction with reference to said section.

[Oficial Gazette, May 26, 1914.1

Disclaimer in Letters Patent No. 609,800.

DISCLAIMER. 609,800.-Arthwr H. Fowler, Norristown, Pa. RADIATOR. Patent dated August 30, 1898. Disclaimer filed May 21, 1914, by the assignee, Fowler (fi Wolfe Manufacturing Company.

Enters this disclaimer- To that part of the claims in the said Letters Patent which is in the following words, to wit:

3. A radiator-section composed of a flat hollow casting, made up of a multiplicity of communicating tubes, and provided at the corners with openings in the plane of the section arranged at right angles one to the other, whereby said section may be coupled with other sections to extend the radiator both longitudinally and transversely.

4. Aradiator-section composed of a flat hollow csstin made up of amultiplicity of communicating tubes, and provided at the corners wit openings in the plane of the section arranged at right angles one to the other, whereby said section may be coupled with other sections to extend the radiator both longitudinally and transversely, in combination with similar sections coupled with said section at said openings and respectively located in a longitudinal and transverse direction with reference to said section.

[oflic'ial Gazette, May 936, 1914.] 

